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A peace pilgrimage to Japan

Sixty years ago in the blink of an eye an estimated 147,000 people were killed when atom bombs exploded over Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. Beautiful cities were instantly turned into radioactive wastelands.

As is true in all wars most of the victims were women, children and the elderly. Those near the epicenter were the lucky ones. They were vaporized. Tens of thousands further from ground zero were burned alive, dying in excruciating pain and begging for water. Thousands more died in later months and years of a strange disease called radiation, and even today higher rates of cancer and leukemia prevail in the region. Survivors of the blasts, now in their seventies and eighties, carry monumental physical and psychological scars.

This August, on a peace pilgrimage, I returned to Japan, where I spent nine years (1965-1974) as a missionary. I attended the 60th anniversaries of two bombs that in the words of Einstein "... changed everything except the way we think, and we drift toward unparalleled catastrophes."

The Gospel According to America: Reflections on a God-blessed, Christ-haunted Idea

by David Dark. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2005. ISBN 0664227694. Pb., 173 pp. $14.95.

The Gospel According to America is a winding path through the literature, film, and music of the American consciousness. It curves through theology and brings onto the stage of awareness figures ranging from Bayard Rustin to Dorothy Day, Fr. Daniel Berrigan, and Will Campbell. It is not an easy read for those unaccustomed to Melville, Hawthorne, and Pynchon--and far less easy for those who have never listened to Wilco, REM, or Dylan. Written in a style that at times leaves one considering the possibility that David Dark's marvelous offering was translated from the German (not so), the book is demanding; it is not a book for the beach. So why make the journey? Is the demand on the reader worthy?

Indeed it is. For Dark brings biblical insight--delivered in diverse cultural forms--to bear upon our history. He calls us to "stand firmly within the Jewish- Christian tradition and its teaching that evil doesn't come to us self-consciously, introducing itself and offering us a choice ("Join us in our evil"). It's more like a Faustian bargain, a narcissism in which we believe our fantasy to be the only real, unbiased version of events. We surround ourselves with voices that will affirm our fantasy and dismiss as treacherous (or evil) any witness that would call our innocence into question. (p. 76)

Israel’s Supreme Court approves destruction of synagogues

(RNS) Israel's Supreme Court ruled Aug. 23 that all synagogues in the now-vacated Jewish settlements in the Gaza Strip and northern West Bank should be destroyed, but that everything portable be relocated to Israel.

The court was responding to a petition by Jewish settlers who objected to the government's plan to destroy all Jewish religious institutions -- 30 synagogues as well as eight yeshivas and seminaries -- in Gaza. The destruction would be part of the government's withdrawal of residents and troops from 21 settlements in Gaza and four in the northern West Bank.

Our Worst Fear

Last week I was overcome with rage and shame at the pitiful responses to the onset of hurricane Katrina and its watery aftermath. I was ashamed at the helplessness of the government of the United States. I was angry that neither the mayor of New Orleans nor the governor of Louisiana did anything initially except to criticize the federal government for its lack of response. How many lives would have been saved by the immediate response of which we showed ourselves capable after 9/11 in New York -- a disaster which we did not know was coming?  The mayor and governor have power to evacuate people forcibly. The governor can order the National Guard to use whatever means necessary to stop violence, confiscate guns of looters, and protect hospitals and individual citizens. (In one hospital patients were moved to upper floors to protect them from looters who were attacking them.)

The non-response was a massive failure of legally constituted government at every level, but has its origins in decades of anti-government rhetoric, not the least of which is from those who preach Sunday after Sunday non-Christian apocalypticism. And we have paid the price, some citizens with their lives, all of us by the cheapening and denigration of human life. Where, in this pro-life administration that spent emotional and political capital on Terri Schiavo, is the outrage -- or better, the immediate deployment of law enforcement and other resources to save human lives?  How many Terri Schiavos simply perished in New Orleans through lack of response?  How can a president who vows to protect fertilized human eggs seem incapable (with his massive constitutional power) of protecting living human beings?

Summer heat, circumstances complicate migrant situation; Volunteers arrested

It has been, in a terrible way, a remarkable summer.

The heat in the states along the U.S.-Mexico border has been uncaring, unceasing, record-breaking. The summer monsoons, which typically arrive in early July and bring some water and some relief, came late to Arizona this year, prolonging the difficulty.

Still, the people streamed north from Mexico and Central America, crossing the sand in the baking heat, some with their children, some traveling with no family, some just teenagers, trying to walk their way, against the law, towards a better way of life.

What U.S.-Mexico border policy should be is a matter of much passionate debate -- it won't be resolved in one long hot summer. But while the discussions over immigration policy continue, the flow of immigrants continues too, despite the best efforts of the U.S. Border Patrol. Humanitarian groups with deep involvement from some border- state Presbyterians are determined to show the face of God in the midst of all of this.

Transforming journeys

It is fall again. Storytellers from short-term mission trips are making their way around the Santa Barbara Presbytery. They "come and tell" at congregations around the presbytery perhaps because they were simply willing to go on one of the five IMPACT trips this year; and because their stories are full of fresh truth about their transformational experiences.

IMPACT, International Mission Project and Cross Cultural Training, is a mission-sending ministry of the Santa Barbara Presbytery. Since 1993, more than 300 people from the presbytery have been sent to serve in 12 countries. One of the reasons, perhaps, for the continued success of the ministry is that participants (from age 15 to 79) have returned to tell, teach, share their stories within their churches and from church to church. They are living letters to the people who sent them out--their children, parents, brothers, sisters and friends. They speak to good listeners!

IMPACT is relational, cross-cultural, built for individual and corporate learning. Twenty-four of the 32 churches in the Santa Barbara Presbytery have sent people on IMPACT journeys. These churches not only support the ministry and the participants but provide council members, pastors and presbytery staff for support, guidance and teaching. Participants leaving for summer trips are commissioned each summer at a presbytery worship. Congregations experience not only the fresh testimonies, but also the benefit of the renewed connections to other churches in the Presbytery. And of course, the new stories are an added invitation each year to people thinking about taking the next step, to go on an international, cross-cultural mission.

What kind of Jesus?

What kind of Jesus do we preach and teach?

No more important answer awaits the church in September as many of us get back to school and back to church. Living between Lynchburg (Jerry Falwell) and Virginia Beach (Pat Robertson) had not awakened me to the urgency of the question like an article by Bill McKibben* in the August Harper's Magazine called "The Christian Paradox, How a faithful nation gets Jesus wrong." In proper, smug Virginia, we pay scant attention to the mavens of fundamentalist (Jerry) and syncretistic (Pat) political power.

Yet McKibben carefully codifies what many of us perceive anecdotally: that there are quite different "gospels" preached in America, some of which are dangerous and idolatrous. He sees the mainline as "mostly locked in a dreary decline as their congregations dwindle and their elders argue endlessly about gay clergy and same-sex unions." Even if McKibben is too bleak in his diagnosis (though not about our numerical decline) he is on target when he writes that while 85% of us Americans call ourselves Christian, 75% of us believe the Bible teaches: "God helps those who help themselves." That is neither biblical nor Christian. Yet America is a nation saturated in Christian identity.

Marketing God

Visiting in an unfamiliar church is always interesting. I read over the bulletin in order to see how the service would flow. One word appeared repeatedly-- love; not a bad concept if a single theme was in order.

There was no doubt that these people liked the idea that God was love, that Christ was all about love, that the Holy Spirit brought love, and that love was pretty much the key to how things were supposed to get done. I took out my pen and circled the word wherever it appeared. It was probably the first time that "love" had been documented in that church.

What was missing? Well, holiness. I thought a little further. There is something to be said about the fear of the Lord in Scripture but it did not appear here. And it would have been unspeakable in that context to wonder about the wrath of God. Even the color of the walls and creature comforts in the fittings seemed designed to assure worshipers that all was well. The hymns did not distract from the message either. One was even about "partnership," a concept that had gone unnoticed by me in the history of Christian thought.

The Prayer of Confession held no problems. Its components slid through the mind with a minimum of friction. The major worry seemed to be insensitivity, and I am the first to agree that could be a problem. I gathered that I was to report in that I had not responded in love as I could have, a sort of callousness of the soul. And, my goodness, I did not want that to be the case. I mea culpa-ed my way through the environmental crisis and war and peace and felt a lot better for it.

Then I recapped my pen and thought it over. I had come to worship the Almighty in a Presbyterian setting, and I had found myself stuck in a liturgical boutique. There was plenty to buy, as long as you were looking for happy things and a chance to see that everyone had uplift. A kind of emotional branding had occurred, and I had not even recognized it.

I returned home feeling that my diet called for more basic stuff. Among other places that I searched, I settled on Psalm 119.

Red Eye

We've all been conditioned to fear the Saudi, the terrorist with the thick Middle Eastern accent and the half-crazed look in his eye. But what if we board a plane on a "red-eye" flight and the killer turns out to be a nice, slender, attractive, blue-eyed Anglo?

Wes Craven delivers a straight suspense movie, no tricks, nothing supernatural, not sci-fi. It's the story line that propels this movie, and the stars do a nice job of taking us all for the ride.

The General Assembly 2005

G.K. Chesterton believed that a little comic relief in a discussion or debate did no harm, no matter how serious the topic. In his own experience, the funniest things occurred during serious conversations and debates. It was little different with your own distinguished scientist, thinker and diplomat Benjamin Franklin. He was so renowned for delivering comic insights into serious matters that some believe the reason Thomas Jefferson rather than Franklin was asked to write the final draft of the Declaration of Independence was that some of the Founding Fathers suspected Franklin might include a touch of humour in this extremely serious document!

Lord Mackay, the Queen's representative to this year's General Assembly, was Scotland's former Lord Advocate. He later served as Lord Chancellor in John Major's government. Lord Mackay is in the Chesterton/Franklin mould. He has a brilliant mind and a mischievous sense of humour. He began his address to the Assembly by recalling how he had been present in the Assembly Hall in 1994 when I had been in the chair. "In his address to the Assembly that year," he said, "Dr Simpson recounted how his predecessor as Moderator had written an article making certain comments relating to the Virgin Birth. The article had evoked a large amount of correspondence. Dr Simpson then added that the most telling comment made to him about this theological controversy was also the shortest. 'I wish you Moderators would stick to politics!'" Lord Mackay went on to say, "While influencing public policy is part of the mission of the church, it is clear that her mission encompasses a great deal more than that." He recalled how at the coronation of the Queen, the Archbishop of Canterbury had said to Her Majesty, "To keep your Majesty ever mindful of the law and the Gospel of God as the rule for the whole life and government of Christian princes, we present you with this book, the most valuable thing that the world affords." The Church of Scotland Moderator then presented the Queen with a Bible, saying, "Here is wisdom; this is the Royal law; these are the lively oracles of God." The Bible was then placed reverently on the altar.

“Do you have a dream?’

Sometimes a dream is not a nightmare; it is a message from God that is received waking or sleeping and you cannot mistake it. Paul had a dream when he was asleep that he should go to Macedonia. It was so vivid and the voice of the man so urgent asking him to come over and help the Greeks that he got passage on a boat next morning (Acts 16:6-10). Martin Luther King Jr. had a dream when he was wide awake. God showed him that his children could be free and that people should not be judged by the color of their skin. It changed his whole life.

Do you have a dream for your church or presbytery? Is there a strong sense that God wants something done and that it cannot wait?

I have a dream for the church that is absolutely compelling. How it can be accomplished I do not know. My simple efforts to begin its realization have met with failure but I cannot give it up. *

It is a plain vision of Presbyterians and peacemaking.

The People’s New Testament Commentary

by M. Eugene Boring and Fred Craddock. Westminster John Knox Press, 2004, Hardcover; 827 pages. ISBN: 0-664-22754-6, $39.95.

Here is a one-volume commentary on the New Testament with up to date information that is also very much in line with what Presbyterians believe. I am tempted to say, "This is the commentary for you;" because I firmly believe that every household should have one handy reference work that helps each person understand Scripture, and you would find this book to be exactly that.

Reflections Over the Long Haul, A Memoir

by Robert McAfee Brown. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2005. $24.95. Hb. 305 pp. ISBN: 0664224040

Bob Brown didn't yield the floor until the Grim Reaper nudged him out. Son Peter: "When he quite literally was on his deathbed, a week before he drifted off, and still somewhat rational, I asked him how he was doing. ... I thought he would say something to the effect that all was well, that he was unafraid, that life had been good, that he was ready to move to meet God, Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Jackie Robinson and all the others. Instead, he looked at me with great determination and said, 'Publish that book.' "

 

Torrance honored in Lebanon, Scotland ceremonies

 

Iain R. Torrance, president of Princeton Theological Seminary, was the honored speaker at the Baccalaureate Service marking the 50th anniversary of Haigazian University in Beirut, Lebanon June 26. Both the University of Aberdeen and St. Andrews University in Scotland also awarded him the honorary Doctor of Divinity degree at their summer graduation ceremonies.

Torrance preached at Haigazian's Baccalaureate Service, held in the First Armenian Church in Beirut, for the university's class of 2005. In his sermon, titled "Hope in the New World," he called Haigazian, an Armenian institution, "a beacon for hope and reconstruction in Lebanon as it stands at the threshold of a new stage in its history." The university was founded as a creative response to the genocide of Armenians in Turkey by those who had escaped, "carrying their vision and faith with them," Torrance said.

MRTI designates five companies for dialogue, possible divestment

The Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) has named five companies in which it's considering divesting because of those firms' involvements in Israel -- involvement that a church committee contends contributes to the "ongoing violence that plagues Israel and Palestine."

During its meeting in Seattle on Aug. 5, the PC(USA)'s Mission Responsibility Through Investment committee (MRTI) named five companies -- Caterpillar, Motorola, ITT Industries, United Technologies and Citigroup -- it alleges have direct links to the violence, after considering a range of companies in which the church has investments and looking in detail at the business practices of each involving the Middle East.

Presbyterian mission work: What does the future hold?

The question of how American Presbyterians do mission work in an era of globalization -- and what those in declining mainline denominations in the U.S. can learn from the faithful in the rest of the world -- is very much on the minds of some in the church these days.

Among the questions being asked:

  • What changes should American churches be making in the way they approach international mission?

  • What lessons can be learned from the tremendous growth of the Christian church in parts of the southern hemisphere, and from the mission efforts initiated by churches from other countries?

  • What are the implications of the trend for congregations and individual Presbyterians to be involved directly in mission work?

  • What do young adults bring to the mix -- what excites them and what aren't they willing to tolerate?

Presbyterians are likely to be deep in conversation about this throughout the fall, in part through two upcoming conferences focused on global mission challenges.

Knoxville College president fired in trustee action August 8

The trustees of Presbyterian-related Knoxville College in Tennessee have fired President Barbara R. Hatton, alleging that she has managed the school "by creating fear and intimidation." The decision, effective immediately, was reached on August 8, during a special board meeting in Knoxville.

"It was a very sad day for Knoxville College and a very sad day for Dr. Hatton," said Beneva Bibbs, the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.)'s associate for racial-ethnic schools and colleges.

Hatton's firing didn't please everyone. Four trustees, none of whom attended the meeting, resigned. They had informed the other trustees by fax that they planned to quit if Hatton was fired.

Profile: World Christians,world churches

As pastor of Black Mountain (N.C.) Church, John McCall loved his ministry. Thirty retired missionaries heard his sermons on Sundays. He saw theirs. "(They) were the first to volunteer, always willing to cross cultural boundaries; they had servant hearts," he observed.

"They were part of the way God turned my attention towards missions." After years at Black Mountain, he was a commissioner to the GA in Cincinnati when his life changed. As new mission co-workers were commissioned, he watched from "the nosebleed section." But shouldn't I be down there? he thought. He began working with the Worldwide Ministries Division office to fulfill that conviction.

He and retired mission co-workers Don and Jessie McCall (no relation) had been praying for more than a year about Taiwan. For his own assignment, he was leaning towards Latin America. But praying about Taiwan for so long kept those needs before him. He accepted an assignment to serve in Taiwan, beginning in 1996

Profile: Helping new life

It would be easy to mythologize Sue Makin. She works in an exotic place-- Africa--in a rural hospital, with a life-affirming task--trying to save the lives of mothers and newborn babies.

But she is a very articulate, practical, no-nonsense person without pretense.

Sue grew up in Florida without a clear life direction. After college and vocational school, she settled into work as a hospital lab technician. Her work in the hospital challenged her to go to medical school. While studying, she began to pray about the possibility of mission service. While still a lab tech, she volunteered in a health clinic where she saw the toll on young women from drug use, STDs and other complications. Her interest grew in the OBGYN specialty, where doctors address the problems she saw. It has been a satisfying choice. "A birth is a happy event, I sometimes get to do a little surgery and internal medicine. There are elements of the beginning and end of things," she says.

Presbyterian missions: Knowing heritage, serving as global partners

Missions as an integral part of Presbyterian church life and biblical mandate is both Tom Hastings' practical work and his urgent interest. The church devalues its past and waters down its present and future missions mandate at its peril, he says.

Appointed a PC(USA) mission worker in 1988, Hastings teaches practical theology and Christian education at Tokyo Union Theological Seminary. He also lectures and preaches, and works in a prison chaplaincy ministry.

As with many who live and serve in two countries and contexts, Hastings' appreciation and concern for both his American home church and Christian work in Japan are evident.

The years Presbyterians have worked with local believers in Japan span years of change, turmoil and reconfiguration in missions efforts by American churches, he says. Presbyterians came to Japan and often did excellent work in education, health, and church work. By the 1970s, Christians in America were backing away from the stereotypes of bad mission work, but lost touch also with what was important, he says.

While American Presbyterians are indifferent or ignorant of their history, Japanese Presbyterians take it very seriously, he says. "The Presbyterian legacy in Japan is taken very seriously in Japan," he says. Over the past century, hundreds of American Presbyterians have served in Japan. "Who will be the stewards of this history?" he asks.

Mission is the heart of the church

"Mission-Mission-Mission." I've said it hundreds of times as I go around the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), but until churches really get into it themselves, it's just words.

Once I visited a presbytery in Mississippi. Presbyterians there had just completed a mission trip to Mexico. Several of them rose and gave detailed reports of helping with construction, Bible school, and other projects. A young teenager was the last one to speak. He rose and quickly and simply said, "I found out while on this trip that Americans have too much stuff," and he sat down.

It was one of the best mission talks I ever heard.

If all Presbyterians could realize how fortunate and blessed we are compared to the rest of the world, it would change lives and priorities.

New Wilmington power

I grew up at the New Wilmington Missionary Conference. I came first at age two months; family members were commissioned as missionaries there. My husband and I first met as thirteen-year-olds at--where else--New Wilmington. As a missions volunteer in Ethiopia in 1971, I wept realizing I was missing the conference--the only one I have missed. Our four children were "Conference Kids" and then high school delegates at NWMC.

But years have passed. I am no longer a Western Pennsylvania teenager. I wouldn't label myself an evangelical conservative. Now I have grown up, I am old. And wise. I am smarter, much more savvy theologically, sophisticated. I have been to seminary. I believe there is a God, but all of this evangelical language about Jesus and your call, and what the Lord did this week is annoying. I am tired of the easy answers to the big questions. I am tired of inadequate or pompous answers given by individual people pretending to be God Himself talking. Cynical might be a good word for my mood.

Yeah, I'm cynical.

But here I am back at Conference and Conference starts to work its power on me. It happens every year.

Task Force expectation: fostering honest conversation

Presbyterians, beware the Ides of September.

All right, technically the Ides of September falls on the 13th and I'm referring to the 15th. People from many sectors of the PC(USA) are waiting expectantly for that date, for the release of the report of the Theological Task Force on the Peace, Unity, and Purity of the church. The Presbyterian Outlook recently featured an editorial as well as several articles and letters on this topic:
 

Common Ground: Task Force, small groups seeking way forward for PC(USA)

Common Ground: Montreat meeting focuses Columbia Grads on future

September 15 (editorial, May 30 2005 issue)

Letters to the Editor response to 'September 15'.
 

Some groups like More Light Presbyterians have elected not to wait but to act peremptorily:  https://www.mlp.org/resources/overturefaq.html . Many presbyteries have already begun softening the church in anticipation. I find I am a bit more inclined to proceed with extreme caution.

From Christendom to World Christianity: A Review Essay

Andrew F. Walls, The Missionary Movement in Christian History: Studies in the Transmission of Faith. Maryknoll: Orbis Books, 1996. 266 pages; and The Cross- Cultural Process in Christian History. Maryknoll: Orbis Books, 2002. 284 pages.
 

An intriguing intramural debate is being waged today among members of the mission studies academy -- a debate about terminology. What is the best phrase to describe the result of revolutionary change in Christian demographics that occurred at the end of the 20th century? This change concerns the center of gravity of Christian adherents in the world. Mission demographers, David B. Barrett and Todd M. Johnson, document in their massive publication (The World Christian Encyclopedia, Oxford, 2001) that by the year 2000 there were more Christians in the southern and eastern hemispheres than in historic Christendom--Europe and North America. Philip Jenkins has highlighted this phenomenon in his work, The Next Christendom (Oxford, 2002), claiming that perhaps as many as two-thirds of the world's Christians will live outside the West by 2050. Shall we refer to this global Christian movement as "world Christianity" or "global Christianity"? By either name 21st century Christianity not only now is firmly established as a world-wide phenomenon but also has become predominantly a non-Western religion.

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